The “war on tobacco” has long been one of the priorities of governments’ healthcare policies all over the world. Libertarians tend to be skeptical of the very idea. If we deem the individual to be the legitimate owner of her own body, then we shall accept that an individual is free to damage it as they please. This doesn’t mean that we do not see a role for other persons to offer their advice, their encouragement, their power of persuasion to achieve a broader social appreciation for more wholesome and healthy lifestyles. You can be a pretty consistent libertarian, and find praiseworthy those parents that, by the virtue of their example and their teachings, raise kids that do not smoke cigarettes or pot. The problem is: a libertarian doesn’t believe that you can legitimately use coercion to make people healthier.
Well, a fair amount of other people do believe that you should use coercion to make people healthier. So let’s, for once, accept their premises, and thus the idea that the “war on tobacco” is a legitimate endeavor for governments. However, as in any war, the way battles are fought should matter, shouldn’t it?
Yet sometimes you have the impression that governments are consciously over-reaching. For example, the war on tobacco could be fought basically by taxing cigarettes upon the assumption that demand will decline because of higher prices (a fair assumption, although the higher the taxes, the higher the incentive to buy tobacco in the black market); by educating younger generations on the dangers of tobacco in schools; or by regulating the ways in which tobacco products are sold. Governments rely on a mix of these three strategies. I would maintain that the second strategy is rather uncontroversial, the first tends to be the most effective, the third is the one in which health authorities tend to overshoot.
A recent example comes from Ireland, that is pondering the introduction of so-called “plain packaging.” Plain packaging is a kind of regulation that will take away all recognizable items from a cigarettes’ packaging, including the producer’s brand. The idea behind is that the “coolness” of smoking is associated with the allure of particular brands, whereas turning cigarettes into “generic” products may substantially decrease their appeal. It will also be a big blow for the industry. The times when tobacco manufacturers were competing by investing enormous amount of money in advertisements and sponsoring sport races are long gone; but what kind of competition will be, the one between essentially similar products that can’t be even seen as “different” by consumers?
On the top of that, the Irish Tobacco Manufacturers note that:
In Ireland at the moment it is illegal to display or advertise tobacco products in any commercial context, including registered retail outlets. However, tobacco products are openly on view in illicit markets. Packaging is only visible to adult smokers when they purchase their cigarettes or tobacco and allows them to easily differentiate their preferred brands from other products.
The Law Society, the professional body for solicitors in Ireland, expressed concerns that plain packaging may undermine intellectual property.
Personally, however, I find plain packaging troublesome from another perspective. I suppose all the “war on tobacco” policies start upon the assumption that tobacco is a poisonous substance. And yet if we are dealing with products that are potentially dangerous, a proper branding should be allowed. Brands convey information, and, if you want to get poisoned (after your parents, your teachers, t.v. and government have informed you about all the dangers of cigarette smoking), you should be able to do this with products you clearly identify. This is particularly needed, as new issues are regularly raised with additives and ingredients of cigarettes: if some are considered potentially more dangerous than others, the consumer should be able to easily distinguish between products.
It doesn’t seem to me that the fact that a product is potentially dangerous for somebody’s health is per se a good argument to consider freedom of choice irrelevant, and thus to avoid differentiation. Rather the opposite: precisely because a product is poisonous, I shall retain the full right to choose my venom – as not all poisons are the same.
READER COMMENTS
Tom West
Mar 31 2014 at 9:01am
Here in Ontario, where 90% of the box is a hideous picture, I have yet to meet a smoker that confused brands of cigarettes and bought the wrong brand.
A *completely* plain box might be confusing as the retailer might make a mistake.
Damien
Mar 31 2014 at 11:40am
As Tom West says, plain packaging still features the name of the brand and the type of cigarette. The idea is to replace the pictures that manufacturers choose with mandatory ugly pictures and to standardize the font and size of the brand name and variant.
Thus, smokers can still make an informed decision and will not be given random cigarettes under the assumptions that all brands are alike. There is also no evidence that retailers are more likely to make mistakes with plain packaging. Smokers will still be smoking the cigarettes that they want to smoke and will still be able to identify the brand/variant.
Yancey Ward
Mar 31 2014 at 12:42pm
Unless you literally take the names of the manufacturers off the packages, smokers won’t be deterred one bit by plain packaging.
MingoV
Mar 31 2014 at 6:01pm
The appeal of tobacco products rarely is coolness or looking like a rebel, despite what so many studies claim. The appeal of tobacco products is self-medication.
Nicotine is not a tranquilizer or a sedative or a hypnotic, but most people who smoke appear more relaxed. Nicotine seems to reduce tension, which is why so many smokers do so while stuck in traffic.
As others have noted, efforts to change packaging and eliminate ads are worthless at reducing tobacco usage. If the goal is to reduce tobacco usage, then find a less harmful way to achieve the same effects as tobacco-derived nicotine. Oh yeah, they did. But electronic cigarettes are being attacked as much as tobacco cigarettes. This indicates that the villain isn’t carcinogenic tobacco; the villain is drug use.
Shane L
Apr 1 2014 at 4:44am
I wonder if it could benefit tobacco companies by liberating them from the need to spend money on designing and printing boxes? I presume one reason to do so is to compete against other tobacco brands. The government’s plan could remove an arms race between tobacco companies, leaving them richer. I’m not sure what the consequences of that on consumption would be, though.
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